Wrench



Apr. 3, 19/23. 1,450,641

S. J. OGRABISZ WRENCH Filed Apl".` 16, 1921 Patented Apr. 3, 1923.

i UNITED STATE STEPHEN J'. OGRABISZ, 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

WRENCH.

Application filed April 16, 1921.

To aZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN J. OGRABISZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which vthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in adjustable wrenches, and more particularly to an adjustable ratchet wrench.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a simple and efficienty wrench of the socket type in which four adjustable jaws are provided, also means whereby the wrench may be operated for tightening or loosening a nut or other element by reciprocal movement of the handle or shank.

A further object of my invention is to provide new and improved ratchet mechanism, and to equip the wrench with jaws at both ends thereof, the jaws at one end thereof being adapted to clamp a bar therein which may serve as a handle extending from opposite sides of the wrench to enable both ends of the bar to be utilized for exerting power in operating the socket portion of the wrench, this being a particularly desirable feature of my invention when embodied in wrenches of large size.

` With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel features ofconstruction and in the arrangement and combination of parts to be hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the subjoined'claims.

In the drawings f y -F ig.- 1 is a perspective view of my improved wrench.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section taken on line 2 2, Fig. 4.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken on line 3 3, Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 is a transverse section through one of the heads of the wrench taken on line 4 4, Fig. 3.v

Fig. 5 is a perspective view ofone of the` clamping jaws forming part of the socket endof the wrench.

The reference numeral 6 designates the' serial No. 461,850.

12 guided for movement within said head, said shank having the movable jaw 13 integral therewith. The gripping faces of the jaws are preferably arranged at an acute angle to the shank 6, the line of movement of the movable jaw being therefore at an obtuse angle thereto.

Secured to the shank 6 near the head 7 is a handle 14 which has a reduced portion passing through said shank, the outer yend of said shank being threaded to receive a nut 15.

At the opposite end of the shank, a headr 16 is formed integrally therewith, said head being circular and comprising a cylindrical wall 17 and an end wall 18 provided with a circular axial opening 19. The head 16 may therefore be said to be dished, one side thereof being open and the other closed by the wall 18, except where the opening 19 is formed in said wall.

20 designates an actuating-disk karranged within said dished headl and lying against the inner side of the wall 18, said actuating disk having a boss 21 fitting into the opening 19 in the wall 18, the end of said boss being flush ywith the outer surface of said wall 18. y j

The head 16 is rabbeted, as at 22, the rabbet being formed at that end of the head having the end wall 18, and lying `against said end wall isla manipulating-disk 23, which is provided with a flange 24 fitting in the rabbeted portion 22 of said head, said flange serving to widen the manipulating disk at the marginal portion thereof and being knurled so that it may be conveniently grasped for rotating the same. The manipulating-disk 23 is secured-to the actuatingdisk 20 bymeans of screws 25 passed therethrough and entered in the boss 21 of said actuating-disk. The actuating-disk and manipulating-disk have registering axial openings 26, 27, respectively.

The diameter 'of the actuating-disklf2() is somewhat less than the internal diameter of the head 16, and the inner face thereof is provided with a convolute or spiral rib 29 with'which are meshed the teeth 30l formed on a. plurality of clamping jaws'31 disposed radially within Ysaid head, said jaws being guided for: radial `movement within radial' grooves 32 formed in a guide or filler block 33 fittingk within the head. Fitted firmly on the filler block is a thin edge of the cylindrical wall 17 said wall being` internally rabbeted at said edge, as

at 34, and the guide or filler-block 33 be# ing rabbeted along its marginal portion, a'at; te ferme groeve arranged partly withinl the cylindrical wall of saidhead and partlywithin said guide or iill'er-block. groove1 a retainer-ring is placed lisA into the head, as at 37, or otlierwisefastened in 4said groove so as to hold the guide or filler-block within said head, bt permit 'rotary movement 0f SM1 head around said block. The jaws 31 are thus Guided at three sides, with the fourth side zeeof provided with teeth so formed that they enter convolute grooves formed between adjacent convolutions or the convoluteior spiral rib 29,"and'upon rotating said aetuating-disk, the clamping-jaws 3l areimoved in'nnison.

"i istb noted, that the guide or filler,- block 4has a Square opening l38ormed therethihiigh .and that the clamping-'jaws are adapted tovbe projected Vinto ythis square opening, said opening determining the larest'size'nut or =other object `capable o'l beinglmanipulated bythe wrench. The inn'erendhneach clamping-jaw is provided with"a"V-shaped notch 39 extending from the toothed side ythereoiH to the opposite side, andat opposite sides of the V-shaped notchl are fiat faces 40 which are parallel withthe wall of' the square openingBSinto which'tlie jaw "extends, said opening formeffectfa socket by reason of the Jfact that 'it 'isppra'ctic'ally closed at one end by the actuating-disk. By thus Jforming the inner ongripping ends of the clampingjaws 34,:square 'or hexagonal nuts or other elements inay be gripped by the jaws, it orf-1a size smaller', than ythe socket oropening38iformed in the guide or filler-block. 'When engaging a. hexagonal nut, oppo` site flat sides of a nut will be gripped by the"lat portions 40 of two oppesit-e jaws, while twoopposite angles or corners of the nut will enter the V-shaped notches of the remaining jaws.

r"lhe guide or filler-block 33 is provided with" peripheral circular notches 4l which are spaced around' said block, preferably between the guide grooves 34 in said block, and the ring 2S is provided withv circular openings 42 which at all times register with said notches.

` Arranged' longitudinally within the wrench is a cylindrical bore 43 which extends from the hollew of 7the head inoutwardly a' distance into the shank 6 of the wrench, said bore being reduced in dia-meter at its outer end, as at 44, and opening into a transverse groove 45 formed in the shank 6. Arranged within the bore 43, is a cylindrical dog 46 beveled at its inner end, as at 47, the bevel extending through one-halt` the diameter of the dog and being of a length to terminate outside of the ring 28. Secured to said dog is a rod 48, which passes through the reduced outer end 44 oi said bore and is hent at a right angley within the transverse groove 45, as at 49, to serve as a handle, the outer end of said handle having an enlargement or head 50 te permit ef, mere eenveniently manipulating the dog.

Surrounding the rod 4S Within the bore 43 isa coil spring 5 1 which bears with one end against the outer end of said dog and with its other en d against the shoulder 52 formed by reducing'the bore at Iits outer,

end. Said spring serves to force and hold the dog inwardly, and when the dog brought in line with yone of the lnotches 4l andthe opening 42 registering therewith. the spring 5l will force said dog inte` said notch and thus lock thewshankA 6 against movement one direction. 'The rod 48 and its handle may be considered as forming part 0f theeles, end with the handle. 49er ranged as shown in Fig. 3, the shank 6 is free to ratchet in the direction of the arrow 53, In other words, with a nut or other ele#` nient entered in thel socket or opening'38 ot the guide or filler-block and the jaws 3l gripped against said lnut or hither element, movement ofthe handlein the rection of the arrow 3through an arc of circle of 90 degrees will'causel withdrawal of the dog 36 from the opening inthe ring and the notch in said guide or lille'r-block iniwhich itwas hel/d, thence ride alongthe outer face of the thin ring 28, which" pre# vents the dog entering the outer ends of the guide-grooves in thejguidei'orniillerl block, and finally enter thenextopeningiin said ringand'the notchv 4l in the guide or filler-block registering with said opening. Now, upon drawing the'shanli 6 in a reverse direction, the guide or lliller-bleck'will be caused tol rotate'clockwise and tighten the nut or other element gripped "within the socket, thus each back and forth movement or' the shank 6 will 'rotate a nut or ther'ele? ment gripped within the socket a 'quarter of? a revolution. l A

When loosening a nut or other element, it

will be necessary to rotate thegui'de or tilter'' block and its clamping jawsA ceunter-clockwise, and in such cases the handle 49of the dog '46 is reversed or swung to( theA position shown in the dotted lines in with the result that the bevelediace 47 otsaidwdoe will vassume'the positien shown ini'd'otted lines in said ligure. In onepo'sition ofthe' dog it will grip and rotate the block when swinging the shank 6 in one direction, and in the other position of said dog the guide or filler-block and its jaws will be rotated when swinging the shank' in an opposite direction.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that what may be termed wrench heads having wrench jaws are provided at opposite ends of the shank 6, and while I have provided a handle 14: on the shank in proximity toone of said wrench heads, it has been found by experience that at times sufficient leverage cannot be secured by grasping said handle, and when grasping the shank 6 the leverage is somewhat reduced. Now upon clamping a bar between the jaws 8 and 13 and having said bar extending from opposite sides thereof, said bar may be gripped with one hand at one side of the jaw and the other hand at the other side and powerful leverage secured thereby in order to rotate a nut, bolt, or other ele- `ment acted upon by the socketed head o-f the wrench. I therefore consider the wrench head at the end of the shank opposite my improved socketed wrench head a decided advantage in large size wrenches.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is l. A wrench comprising a shank and a dished head having a cylindrical wall and a fiat end wall provided with an axial opening, an actuating-disk within said dished head lying against the inner side of said end wall and having a boss extending thro-ugh said axial opening, a manipulatingdisk lying against the outer side of said end wall and secured to the boss of said actuating-disk, a block ittingfintosaid head and having a socket and radial grooves therein, and clamping jaws co-acting with said actuating-disk and arranged for movement within said radial grooves.

2. A wrench comprising a shank, a dished head having a cylindrical wall and an end wall provided with a circular opening, an actuating-disk having a boss centrally thereon extending into the opening of said end wall and having a convolute rib on its inner face, a manipulating-disk lying against the outer side of said end wall and against the end of said boss, screws passed through said manipulating-disk and threaded into said boss, a guide block fitted into said head and having a central opening and guide grooves extending outwardly from said opening, means for retaining said block within said head but permitting rotation of said head around said block, and clampingjaws within the guide grooves of said guide block having teeth thereon meshing with the convolute rib of said actuating-disk.

3. A wrench comprising a shank, a dished head at one end of said shank having a cylindrical wall and an end wall provided with an axial circular opening, said head being externally rabbeted in line with said end wall, an actuating-disklying against the inner side of said end wall and having a cylindrical boss extending into the circular opening of said end wall, a manipulating disk lying against the outer side of said end wall and against the end of said boss and having a flange at its outer end projecting into the rabbeted portion of said head to form an extended peripheral edge for said manipulating-disk, screws passed through said manipulating-disk and threaded into the boss of said actuating-disk, said actuating-disk having a convolute rib on its inner face, a guide blockretained within said head in a manner to permit rotation of said head around the same, said guide block having guide grooves therein, and clamping jaws within said guide grooves having teeth meshing with the convolute rib of said acv tuating-disk.

4. A wrench comprising a shank having a dished head provided with a cylindrical wall and an end wall, an actuating-element rotatable within said head and operated from the exterior thereof, the outer edge of said cylindrical wall having an internal rabbet, a guide block fitting Vwithin said head and having a rabbet around its marginal portion and being also provided with an opening, said guide block having guide grooves therein, a retainer ring secured within the rabbets of said cylindrical wall and guide block, and clamping jaws within the guide grooves of said guide block coacting with said actuating-element and being moved outwardly or inwardly in unison thereby.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

STEPHEN J. oeRABisz. 

